Regulating the Superficial Vacancies and OH ^? Orientations on Polarized Hydroxyapatite Electrocatalysts

Smart designs of hydroxyapatite (HAp) materials with customized electrical properties are drawing increasing attention for their wide range potential applications. Such enhanced directly arise from the number and orientation OH? groups in HAp lattice. Although different polarization treatments have been proposed to enhance final conductivity by generating vacancies at high temperatures imposing specific orientations through electric voltages, no direct measurement showing evolution that undergo has described yet. In this article, first empirical observation allows characterization both generation is reported. The mechanisms behind enhancement elucidated allowing distinguish between charge accumulation crystal grains, which due formed vacancies, boundaries particles. addition, a linear dependence superficial observed. Therefore, it demonstrated micrometric grain great impact on catalytic thermally stimulated polarized HAp. These results will be used further optimization catalyst properties.